How is a Cell Phone Call Made?

It seems that just about everybody these daysnumber and press the send button. A number of
has a cellular phone. In fact every day there aresteps then follow:
approximately 100,000 people around the world• Your cell phone scans for the nearest base
signing up for a new cellular phone service.station in order to provide it with the strongest
Therefore, it is easy to say that the cell phone issignal and, in turn, the best possible connection. It
becoming one of the most important devices ofchecks 21 different control channels to determine
our time.the strongest available signal.
However, have you ever actually wondered how• Your cell phone then selects the strongest
it is that a cellular phone call is made, without anysignal for its use.
wires or visible connections? They are actually• An origination message (a very short
pretty amazing devices; especially considering themessage of about ¼ second in length) is then
fact that they are essentially sophisticated radios.sent by the cellular phone, which includes its MIN
A cell phone is – put simply – a kind of(Mobile Identification Number, that is, your cellular
two-way radio that acts in the same way as aphone number), as well as the ESN (Electronic
telephone. However, naturally a cellular phone isSerial Number), and the number that has been
much more complex than a simple walkie talkie,dialed.
as cell phones permit two people to speak at the• Once the cellular service provider verifies
same time, making calls and receiving calls,that you are among its customers – based on
three-way calls, call holding, voice mail, textthe sent-out MIN and ESN – the base station
messaging, etc.sends a channel assignment message to the
However, similar to walkie talkies, all mobile phonecellular phone (another ¼ of a second in length),
calls are entirely unprotected and can betelling the phone where the conversation will be.
intercepted by other devices. Cell phones• The cell phone then tunes into that assigned
aren’t at all as “secure” as wiredchannel and the call begins.
telephones. They have the same security level asAll of this has happened by the time you hear the
a radio – which, after all, they are.ringing or busy signal on the other end of the
When you place a cellular phone call, you dial thephone.